Paediatric Physiotherapy for Walking issues

Have you noticed your child walking on their toes, having trouble keeping their feet straight, or showing signs of bowlegs or knock knees? Walking issues in children can encompass a range of concerns that affect their ability to walk normally and comfortably. Common walking issues include toe walking, in-toeing (or pigeon walking), bowlegs, and knock knees. These conditions can impact a child’s gait, balance, and overall mobility. Addressing these issues through paediatric physiotherapy is crucial for promoting healthy development and preventing future complications.

Toe walking occurs when a child walks on their toes or the balls of their feet without letting their heels touch the ground. This can be a normal phase of development in younger children as they learn to walk. However, if toe walking continues beyond the age of 2 or 3 it may warrant further investigation. Persistent toe walking can sometimes indicate underlying issues such as tight calf muscles, neurological conditions, or sensory processing disorders. If you notice that your child is toe walking beyond the typical developmental phase, it’s important to consult with their pediatrician to rule out any potential medical concerns.

In-toeing, commonly known as pigeon toes, is when a child walks with their toes pointed inward rather than straight ahead. This condition is often caused by structural changes or misalignments in the hip, knee, or foot. It is a common observation as children begin walking and can be a normal variation during early childhood.

Although it’s natural for parents to be concerned about their child’s walking pattern, it’s important to note that pigeon toes generally do not cause pain. In most cases, the condition resolves on its own by the age of 2. However, if in-toeing persists or seems to cause difficulties beyond this age, seeking professional advice can help ensure that any underlying issues are addressed and managed appropriately.

Bow legs, or genu varum, is a condition where one or both of your child’s legs curve outward at the knees, creating a noticeable gap between the knees while the feet and ankles are together. This outward curvature of the legs can give the appearance of a bow, particularly when the child is walking. Bow legs are commonly seen in infants and toddlers due to their developing bone structure and are often a normal part of early growth.

Typically, bow legs correct themselves by the age of 2 as your child’s bones and joints mature. However, if bow legs persist beyond this age, it may be necessary to explore treatment options. In such cases, interventions like splints, casts, braces, or, in rare instances, surgery may be considered to address any underlying issues and support proper leg alignment.

Knock knees (genu valgum) occur when the knees touch while the ankles remain apart, creating an inward tilt of the knees. This condition is typically a normal phase in early childhood and is usually part of a child’s growth and development. Most young children have knock knees to some degree for a period of time, and it is more common in girls, though boys can develop it too. In most cases, this condition resolves on its own as the child grows.

However, severe knock knees can lead to problems with gait and balance, and in rare cases, it could be a sign of an underlying bone disease, particularly if the condition appears for the first time when a child is 6 or older. Sometimes, knock knees can be linked to vitamin deficiencies or skeletal issues, making it important to monitor the condition. If you notice severe or persistent knock knees in your child, consulting a healthcare professional for an assessment is recommended to rule out any underlying conditions.

As a parent, it’s natural to worry about your child’s walking patterns. Concerns might include whether these issues are a normal part of development or if they could indicate something more serious. Early signs of walking issues, like unusual gait patterns or difficulty with physical activities, should be addressed promptly.